This department was created by imperial decree of Napoleon 1st, on November 21, 18082. Tarn-et-Garonne belongs to the Occitanie region. It takes its name from the Garonne river and its tributary the Tarn. It borders the departments of Lot, Aveyron, Tarn, Haute-Garonne, Gers and Lot-et-Garonne.

The Tarn-et-Garonne has a great diversity of landscapes and reliefs. The plain, located between the Tarn and the Garonne, as well as in the Aveyron valley with the hills of Lomagne and the North of the department. The east of Tarn-et-Garonne is a limestone plateau and a large causse. The Aveyron gorges in the region of Saint-Antonin-Noble-Val attract many tourists with its landscapes and the activities offered canoeing, hiking, etc.